There are no predefined set of rules or benchmarks to officially state any country as a superpower. But we can say that a country which has the ability to project it's power on global scale could be called as a superpower. This power projection could be in terms of economy, military, technology, diplomatic and even soft power. And as we know after the end of World War 2 US and USSR were the two superpowers. Both had capabilities of project their power on global scale. But after the fall of USSR in 1991, US was the only superpower in the world. US is far superior then rest of the world in terms of economy, military, technology and diplomatically.
Yet there are some nations which have capabilities to be the next superpower.

European union (EU)
European union is a combination of 28 different countries in Europe. Although European union is not a single country but still it drives solid economic powers. In 2019 GDP of European union was around $18.3 trillion which is slightly less than United states $21.43 trillion. EU has lot of advantage over others like low inflation rate, high population, large economy and a high quality of life. Also European union nations like France, UK, And Germany have some of the advanced militaries and also most countries of EU are the part of NATO alliance.
Yet EU is also facing problems like Brexit.
In the future even if Britain leaves EU it will remain a strong contender for next economic superpower.

China
Today china is second most powerful nation in terms of economy and military. China has gone through massive economic growth in past 40 years. Due to large skilled population and good infrastructure china has emerged as manufacturing hub. And because of this manufacturing industry china became an export driven economy. We can see China's influence in Asia, Africa, Europe through their Belt and Road Initiative projects.
Yet the massive economic growth has made china 2nd most powerful military in the world. China has also built its first overseas military base in Djibouti.
But still china is very far away from a status of superpower country. According to some experts China will surpass US economy in 2030s. But Covid-19 pandemic and the new cold war between US and china puts question mark on this.

India
India is the world’s second most populous country. India is expected to grow nearly 5% per year in terms of GDP. And this could make India one of the fastest-growing economies.
Apart from this India has one of the strongest military in the world. And has a overseas air force base in Tajikistan.
India has improved its global reputation in last decade. India is also the contender for a permanent seat in United Nations Security Council. But before becoming a superpower India has to face lot of challenges like high economic inequality, corruption, religious issues, law enforcement and poor infrastructure.

Japan
In the 1980s, many political and economic analysts predicted that Japan would eventually accede to superpower status and expectation were that it would surpass the economy of United States. This was due to its large population, huge GDP and high economic growth at that time.
But Japan is facing a weak growth since the Lost Decade of the 1990s. From 1991 to 2003, the Japanese economy grew only 1.14% annually in terms of GDP.

Brazil
Brazil is one of the world’s giants of mining, agriculture and manufacturing, and it has a strong and rapidly growing service sector. Brazil has almost untouched strategic natural resources, including valuable minerals, a tenth of the world's fresh water and Earth's largest remaining rain forest. But Brazil lacks in traditional hard power like military and global security influence. Brazil also suffer from challenges like government corruption and inflation. So because of this Brazil falls far short of the levels required for a superpower.

Let’s get to Russia now.
The Russian Federation has been suggested as a potential candidate for resuming superpower status in the 21st century. After the fall of USSR Russia has gone through a massive economic growth. Russia had undergone a radical transformation, moving from a centrally planned economy to a globally integrated market economy. Some sources are estimating that Russia contains over 30 percent of the world's natural resources. Russia will get advantage from climate changes. Because today two third of Russia's land mass is covered with permafrost. So, the absence of this permafrost would reveal immense stores of oil, natural gas, and precious minerals and farmland.

So as we have seen above all these countries have the potential of being a superpower but only if they fill the limitations.

0:00 Existing Superpower
1:00 European Union
2:10 China
3:31 India
5:07 Japan
6:19 Brazil
7:25 Russia
8:49 Thailand & Vietnam

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